constitutionalism essays

constitutionalism essays The seventeenth century, which witnessed the development of absolute monarchy, also saw the appearance of the constitutional state. While France solved the question of sovereignty with the absolutist state, England evolved toward the constitutional state. If we could assign a very simple definition of the term of the term constitutionalism, it would be the limitation of government by law. Constitutionalism implies a very delicate balance between the authority and power of government, on the one hand, and the rights and liberties of the subjects, on the other. In essence, the law is embodied by a set of precepts and principles a constitution. A nations constitution may be written or unwritten. It may be embodied in one basic document, occasionally revised by amendment or judicial decision, like the Constitution of the United States. It also may be partly written and partly unwritten and include parliamentary statutes, judicial decisions, and a body of traditional procedures and practices (like the English constitution). Regardless of whether it is written or unwritten, a constitution gets its binding force from the governments acknowledgment that it must respect that constitution that is, that the state must govern according to the laws. Likewise, in this state, the people look on the laws and the constitution as the protector of their rights, liberty, and property. Modern constitutional governments may take either a republican or a monarchical form. In a constitutional republic, the sovereign power resides in the electorate and is exercised by the electorates representatives. In a constitutional monarchy, a king or queen serves as the head of state and possesses some residual political authority, but again the ultimate, or sovereign, power rests in the electorate. The constitutional government at this time period has sometimes been perceived to be the same as the democratic form. However, su...

Combined Gas Law Definition and Examples

Combined Gas Law Definition and Examples The combined gas law combines the three gas laws: Boyles Law, Charles Law, and Gay-Lussacs Law. It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute temperature of a gas is equal to a constant. When Avogadros law is added to the combined gas law, the ideal gas law results. Unlike the named gas laws, the combined gas law doesnt have an official discoverer. It is simply a combination of the other gas laws that works when everything except temperature, pressure, and volume are held constant. There are a couple of common equations for writing the combined gas law. The classic law relates Boyles law and Charles law to state: PV/T k where P pressure,  V volume,  T absolute temperature (Kelvin), and  k constant. The constant k is a true constant if the number of moles of the gas doesnt change.  Otherwise, it varies. Another common formula for the combined gas law relates before and after conditions of a gas: P1V1 / T1 P2V2 / T2 Example Find the volume of a gas at STP when 2.00 liters is collected at 745.0 mm Hg and 25.0 degrees Celsius. To solve the problem, you first need to identify which formula to use. In this case, the question asks about conditions at STP, so you know youre dealing with a before and after problem. Next, you need to understand  STP. If you havent memorized this already (and you probably should, since it appears a lot), STP refers to standard temperature and pressure, which is 273 Kelvin and 760.0 mm Hg. Because the law works using absolute temperature, you need to convert  25.0  degrees Celsius to the Kelvin scale. This gives you 298 Kelvin. At this point, you can plug the values into the formula and solve for the unknown. A common mistake some people make when theyre new to this kind of problem is confusing which numbers go together. Its good practice to identify the variables. In this problem they are: P1   745.0 mm HgV1   2.00 LT1   298 KP2   760.0 mm HgV2   x (the unknown youre solving for)T2   273 K Next, take the formula and set it up to solve for the unknown  x, which in this problem  is  V2: P1V1  / T1   P2V2  / T2 Cross-multiply to clear the fractions: P1V1T2   P2V2T1 Divide to isolate  V2: V2   (P1V1T2) / (P2T1) Plug in the numbers and solve for V2: V2  Ã‚  (745.0 mm Hg  · 2.00 L  · 273 K) / (760 mm Hg  · 298 K)V2 1.796 L Report the result using the correct number of significant figures: V2   1.80 L Applications The combined gas law has practical applications when dealing with gases at ordinary temperatures and pressures. Like other gas laws based on ideal behavior, it becomes less accurate at high temperatures and pressures. The law is used in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics. For example, it can be used to calculate pressure, volume, or temperature for the gas in clouds to forecast weather.

Customer Relationship Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Customer Relationship Managment - Essay Example This paper approves that the company was wise enough to eliminate online booking because this was not personal enough and left a lot of room for mistakes and misconceptions about which products were most suitable for a client. It was therefore necessary to come up with a strategy that will allow discussions between clients directly with Tennyson employees. This has been facilitated by their automated telephone line. The company has improved its customer care in this regard by responding to customer’s enquiries immediately yet at the same time maintaining that personal contact with them. This is quite a commendable effort on their part. Relationship marketing experts assert that when companies have obtained their desired clients, they need to do all it takes to keep them there. They have suggested the use of product promotion tactics, product bundling among others. Product bundling involves offering a number of related services all under once collective price. this essay makes a conclusion that Tennyson initially had a haphazard way of managing their customers. But after merging with merry weather, it realised that there was a need for improvement which could be facilitated by some of merry weather’s clients. The company embarked on customer valuation exercises and should use those findings to improve its relationship marketing strategy in the future. However, the current improvements will facilitate future product offerings and will enhance the companies’ relationship with its market.

How to use organizational communication more effectively Annotated Bibliography

How to use organizational communication more effectively - Annotated Bibliography Example How to use organizational communication more effectively? The deference inherent in approaches can be perceived as in communication the art can be tapped to influence. It has the potential to bring change by driving perception required into organizational workers and be able to pull workforce in a given direction hence achieving efficiency through communication. Consistency in appeasing and the honoring recipient is the way forward because psychologically human beings yield to praise and acknowledgement than open rebuke. Within the aspect of communication are the varying means of communication, which are either nonverbal or verbal communication. It is in itself a variation. Non-verbal communication in a positive manner is the use of constriction, slouching, smiling, and patterns of the eye, which are in tandem with speeches conveyed verbally. There are theories dictating loss or competition expressing deference. It is a functional behavior. In addition to fighting for power, retaining status in a goal that most employees nowadays endeavor to achieve through deference in communication is frequently witnessed. The paper focuses organizational communication that revolves around decision-making. In addition, the art of communication decisions made largely affect how they are made and promoted in an organization. In a bid to improve efficiency in operation and to consolidate the workforce, the paper gives an insight into communication. The efficiency derived from it and much of it how they affected performance.

My Life Essay -- Personal Narratives Essays

My Life I was born in San Jose, Costa Rica, and moved to California when I was very young. Before I moved to California my dad traveled back and forth for 2 or 3 yrs from California and back to Costa Rica. He spent most of his time working in the Fresno area, in the cities of Tulare, and Visalia. He says he spent his time working in any available job including some farm labor jobs and went back to Costa Rica to spend time with us. After the second time he left Costa Rica to come and work he did not go back. At that time, amnesty was given to immigrants in California, and he moved up north to the Bay area to find a steady job. That is when he saved enough money for my mother, my two siblings, and I to join him in California. My first few years since I moved were adventurous. I had to...

“Letter to Daniel” by Fergal Keane Essay

Task: â€Å"Non fiction is seldom objective. Often it sways your feelings or influences your thoughts.† By referring closely to a work of non-fiction, show how the writer does more than simply convey information. Often non fiction tries to convey emotion and thought rather than simply providing information in order to move the reader. A piece of non fiction which has had a lasting impression on me is â€Å"Letter to Daniel† by the Irish foreign correspondent, Fergal Keane. This piece of writing is written in the form of a letter in which Keane has put across moving reflections about his first child’s birth. To show the strong and great effect his son has brought upon himself and his wife, Keane uses certain techniques such as rich imagery, sentence structure, tone, theme and a personal style of writing to convey his thoughts and feelings. Firstly, Keane immediately makes it clear to me that he is writing in the form of a letter when he begins writing with the phrase â€Å"My dear son†. He then describes to his son how his birth has altered and changed his lifestyle; â€Å"I’m learning the art of one handed typing† This shows that since Daniel was born, Keane has been learning to cope with new things. However by describing the task as an â€Å"art† the writer shows that he doesn’t mind this new way of living. He further describes the idea that Daniel has changed the way he lives by explaining that; â€Å"Since you’ve arrived, days have melted into night and back again and we are learning a new grammar, a long sentence whose punctuation marks are feeding and winding and nappy changing and these occasional moments of quiet.† This extended metaphor caught my attention because it compares the birth of his son to a long sentence and there is also irony in the metaphor as this sentence is long. It relates to his sons birth as a stage of development in his life and shows that time has lost its differenciated routine. The word choice of â€Å"melted† conveys a feeling of warmth and gentleness which shows that Keane is in no way angry because of this new routine and is enjoying it. Keane also shows the change in his way of living when he explains that his mother is asleep. It is six o’clock in the morning which is one of the most peaceful times of the day. It is the beginning of a new day and I think this relates to the beginning of Keane’s family. The birth of Daniel has also resulted in Keane seeing his job differently; â€Å"Your coming has turned me upside down and inside out†¦I have lived a life that, on occasion, has veered close to the edge: war zones, natural disasters, darkness in all its shapes and forms† The word choice of â€Å"coming† gives me the idea that he has waited and wanted for him, and now that he has finally arrived his whole world has been turned upside down. He looks on things differently now and Daniel has caused him to re-evaluate the risks he has taken as a reporter. I feel that the writer’s use of imagery to convey information helps me to understand his thoughts and emotions throughout the letter. The writer also helps to convey emotion and feelings throughout the letter by using an appropriate tone. I can see that Keane uses a personal tone at first as he uses words such as â€Å"you† and â€Å"I† repeatedly. This emphasises the sincerity of his letter and helps to convey his thoughts and emotions. However his tone changes to a more formal one when he begins to describe the disasters and darkness that he has faced as a reporter. He contrasts his child’s actions with these disasters and I can see this through the writer’s wordchoice. He describes his son with gentle and innocent images such as â€Å"sleeping face† â€Å"sigh† â€Å"gurgle† â€Å"glory† â€Å"prizes† and â€Å"praise†. He then shows the difference between his child’s innocence and the suffering that he has seen by using the words â€Å"haunted† â€Å"too much to bear† and â€Å"flooding†. This suggests that his change from a personal tone to a more formal tone is because the memories of suffering and the disastrous images are too much for the writer to bear. Therefore he resorts to listing his experiences and becomes less intimate. He changes his tone because he wants to report it in order to detatch himself from the memories. He describes the last story as being a very personal one, however when he goes on to tell it, is tone is still very formal. The story is anonymous and Keane does not reveal until near the end of the story that it was about his own family; â€Å"in a big city on a january morning with snow on the ground and a woman† The repetition of the word â€Å"a† makes me realise that the writer is being very vague in the story and is distancing himself from emotion. The fact that he tells the story anonymously seemed to have a much bigger impact on me when I realised it was about his own mother and about his own father being an alcoholic. However he shows no anger towards his father as he knows it was not his fault; â€Å"The cancer of alcoholism† He describes his fathers condition as â€Å"cancer†, in other words he sees it as a disease and knows that it could not be helped. This metaphor shows no sense of blame towards his father and also shows that it is killing him. The phrase â€Å"it just was† also gives me a sense of his acceptance of his fathers condition. He loved his family, but he was â€Å"living and dying for the bottle† and the love he had did not save him. He understands what it would have been like for his father to be separated from his family, as he now has one of his own. I think that this is why he decided to reveal that it was his father at the end of the letter. He personalised it because he now understood. He was not just â€Å"a man† anymore, he is â€Å"your grandfather†. The clever way in which the writer has used this tone makes me realise what emotions he feels. Lastly, throughout the letter the writer relates to a particular theme. This theme first becomes apparent to me when the writer uses the phrase; â€Å"Naturally your mother and I were only too happy to believe that.† His wordchoice of â€Å"naturally† gives me the idea that it is normal for a parent to believe that their child is the best thing to come into their life. It conveys the universally acknowledged theme of the love bond between parent and child. This idea is revisited throughout the letter, for example in one of the cases he describes; â€Å"I found a mother and her three young children huddled together where they’d been beaten to death. The children had died holding on to their mother†¦ cling to until we die† The wordchoice of â€Å"huddled together†, â€Å"holding† and â€Å"cling† shows the sacred image between mother and child. He also conveys this idea when he is writing about his mother; â€Å"she gives birth to a baby boy and, just as you are to me, he is the best thing she has ever seen† The parenthesis here is also useful in conveying this universal theme of love. It also acts as a link in the story because I can see that he is beginning to realise the joy his mother felt when he was born. However, one quotation I feel shows this boundless parental love that transcends all borders is; â€Å"That instinct we all learn from birth and in one way or another cling to until we die.† This I feel is one of the most moving sentences in the story and helps me to recognise Keane’s universal message of the love bond between parent and child. Daniel has given Keane an understanding of his own father, and at the very end of the letter he describes his son as â€Å"the sound of hope† and uses wordchoice such has â€Å"innoncence† and â€Å"freshness† to show the stark contrast between his child’s innocence and the darkness that he previously described. I feel that Keane’s choice of theme throughout the letter is very important in conveying his emotions at this time as it shows how important his son is to him. In conclusion, â€Å"Letter to Daniel† by Fergal Keane is one of the most touching and moving short stories I have ever read. The writer’s use of rich imagery, sentence structure, tone and theme all comes together and helps to convey the writer’s thoughts and emotions. He provides the necessary information and also paints vivid pictures of his emotions and if Keane had not used such strong ideas and techniques throughout the letter I am not sure it would have had the same enduring effect on me.

The Most Common Medical Conditions - 1358 Words

Most of patients were of different age group including men women and children. They used to presents with a variety of complaints with minor and major illnesses. Sometimes they present with a critical illness which requires meticulous care. I worked with a group of specialists who were easily available from local hospitals to help manage the patients promptly. Following are some essential element of practice. 2.1 Knowledge of Medical Conditions – common: The most common medical conditions that used to encounter on a daily basis in the children under five years were respiratory, gastrointestinal disorders of infectious origin, mostly viral and some bacterial in origin. In older group, osteoarthritis, COPD, prostate enlargement, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, hypertension dementia, depression and neurological disorders such as stroke and Parkinson disease. Others common illnesses were diabetes, asthma, urinary tract infection, skin rash, contact dermatitis, traumatic injury, insomnia. In women, menopausal disorder and menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, and contraceptive advice were some of the common presentation in the practice. Lifestyle related problems such smoking, tobacco, alcohol-related disorders were common occurrences. Many of young patients came with sexually transmitted infection such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Herpes, Syphilis, Hepatitis, and HIV. 2 Knowledge of Medical Conditions – treatable: There were many medical conditions which could beShow MoreRelatedA Dental Hygienist Is More Than Just Someone Who Cleans Teeth1517 Words   |  7 Pagesis important for every dentist and dental hygienist to be knowledgeable of the prevention, diagnosis and management of a medical emergency in a dental office. Being well prepared for any occurrence can make a difference in the outcome for the patient. 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